When confirmed cases of the mumps, a vaccine-preventable disease, emerged on college campuses in fall 2006, public health nurses conducted outreach at campuses and collaborated with student health officials to increase the number of students with full immunization compliance. This is an example of:

• A. Community-level practice.
• B. Family-level practice.
• C. Individual-level practice.
• D. Systems-level practice.

Answer: (A)

The scenario focuses on interventions aimed at a defined population within a community—college campuses—through outreach and collaboration with campus health services to raise vaccination rates. This reflects community-level practice, which uses population-based strategies and community partnerships to improve health outcomes for groups. It’s not about a single person or a single family, and it doesn’t involve changing the overarching health care system, but rather mobilizing a community to promote immunization.