An occupational health nurse is using primary prevention strategies to reduce environmental health risks among factory workers. Which activity would most likely be implemented?

• A. Checking radiation detectors to monitor unsafe exposure
• B. Irrigating the eyes after a chemical splash
• C. Teaching outdoor workers about signs and symptoms of heat-related illness
• D. Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease for workers who will be wearing mask respirators

Answer: (C)

Primary prevention focuses on stopping illness before it starts by reducing risk and promoting protective behaviors. Teaching outdoor workers about signs and symptoms of heat-related illness empowers them to recognize warning cues early and take preventive actions such as hydrating, taking shaded breaks, pacing their work, and seeking cooler conditions. This directly reduces the chance of developing heat illness in the first place.

The other options involve actions that occur after exposure or focus on detecting or treating problems rather than preventing them. Checking radiation detectors is important for hazard awareness and control but is a monitoring activity rather than a direct prevention strategy for illness. Irrigating the eyes after a chemical splash is treatment after exposure, not prevention. Using spirometry to screen workers before they wear respirators aims to identify existing conditions rather than prevent disease from environmental exposure.